Silicon (Si)
Silicon (Si) is element 14 of the periodic table, a metalloid in period 3 and group 14. Its standard atomic weight is 28.085, so one mole of silicon atoms has a mass of 28.085 g. At room temperature it is a solid; it melts at 1413.85 °C and boils at 3264.85 °C.
| Atomic number | 14 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | Si |
| Standard atomic weight | 28.085 |
| Molar mass | 28.085 g/mol |
| Category | Metalloid |
| Group | 14 |
| Period | 3 |
| Block | p-block |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
| Oxidation states | +4, +2, −4 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.9 |
| Atomic radius (van der Waals) | 210 pm |
| First ionisation energy | 8.152 eV (786.5 kJ/mol) |
| Electron affinity | 1.385 eV |
| State at room temperature | Solid |
| Melting point | 1687 K (1413.85 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3538 K (3264.85 °C) |
| Density | 2.3296 g/cm³ |
| Discovered | 1854 |
Group 14
Calculate with Silicon
Atomic weight: IUPAC CIAAW standard atomic weight. Other properties: PubChem (U.S. National Library of Medicine, public domain). Values such as melting point and radius depend on how they were measured; check a data book for precise work.